AMA Cite - Journal Article
Halpern SD, Ubel PA, Caplan AL. Solid-organ transplantation in HIV-infected patients. N Engl J Med. 2002;347(4):284-287. doi:10.1056/NEJMsb020632
Use NLM journal abbreviations.
FAQFree AMA Citation Generator
Create AMA-style references from DOI, PMID, ISBN, title, URL, or manual entry
Import Sources
Or build a reference manually
AMA Citation Format Example (11th Edition)
Use these examples to check the output before submitting a paper or manuscript.
AMA Cite - Book
Harrison TR. Principles of Internal Medicine. 21st ed. McGraw Hill; 2022.
Include edition when it is not the first edition.
AMA Cite - Website
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RSV infection. CDC. Updated March 15, 2024. Accessed May 10, 2024. https://www.cdc.gov/rsv/.
Include update date and access date when available.
AMA Cite - Book Chapter
Meltzer PS, Kallioniemi A, Trent JM. Chromosome alterations in human solid tumors. In: Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, eds. The Genetic Basis of Human Cancer. 2nd ed. McGraw-Hill; 2002:93-113.
Chapter authors and book editors are separate.
AMA Cite - Government Report
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Your Guide to Healthy Sleep. National Institutes of Health; 2011. NIH publication 11-5271. Accessed October 3, 2026. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/files/docs/public/sleep/healthy_sleep.pdf
Include a verified publication number after the year; add it after export when using the report form.
AMA Cite - Preprint
Bhatt DL, Mehta C. Adaptive designs for clinical trials. bioRxiv. 2020. doi:10.1101/2020.01.01.123456 [Preprint]
AMA 11th edition marks preprints at the end.
AMA Cite - Thesis
Guo J. Trust-based Service Management of Internet of Things Systems and Its Applications. [Doctoral dissertation]. Blacksburg, VA: Virginia Tech; 2018.
Include thesis type, institution location, institution name, and year.
AMA Cite - Database Entry
Knight BP. Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. In: Connor RF, ed. UpToDate. Wolters Kluwer; 2026. Accessed October 2, 2026. https://sso.uptodate.com/contents/atrioventricular-nodal-reentrant-tachycardia
This chapter-style UpToDate reference includes editor and year details that must be added after export.
AMA vs APA vs MLA
FeatureAMAAPAMLA
Author listing≤6 list all; 7+ list first 3 + et al≤20 authors listed in full; 21+ use first 19 + … + last3+ authors: first author + et al
Journal titlesNLM abbreviationsFull journal titleFull journal title
DOI formatdoi:10.xxxx/xxxxxhttps://doi.org/10.xxxxDOI or URL
Reference orderOrder cited in textAlphabeticalAlphabetical
Primary fieldMedicine and life sciencesSocial sciencesHumanities
Why AMA citations are different
AMA style is built for medical literature, where discoverability and precision matter. The biggest differences are journal abbreviations, numbered references, compact author lists, and DOI formatting.
- NLM journal abbreviations improve PubMed consistency.
- Reference numbers follow the order sources appear in text.
- DOI values use the compact doi: prefix.
From the AMA Cite desk
AMA citation examples for the moments that slow you down.
AMA vs Vancouver and Your Journal’s Citation Requirements
Compare two real submission guides and one shared paper before selecting a numbered citation style. Keep journal-specific requirements attached to the journal that sets them.
Read guide →APA to AMA Citation Conversion for References and In-Text Citations
Work through a two-source APA draft, preserve its narrative attribution, and convert both the body citations and reference list to AMA.
Read guide →Zotero AMA 11th Edition Guide to Choosing Styles and Checking Metadata
Compare AMA style variants, then follow a real Zotero author correction from a single-field name to the right surname and initials.
Read guide →AMA Citations in Google Docs With Manual and Connected Workflows
Follow a two-source Google Docs test from formatted paste to superscripts, an accepted suggestion, and a checked Word export. Keep manual references and connected citations distinct.
Read guide →AMA Citations in Word With Static Lists, Fields, and Final Checks
A real two-source DOCX export shows which formatting survives, why moving a paragraph leaves its old number behind, and what to check before delivery.
Read guide →AMA Citations for Retracted or Corrected Articles
Follow one original paper to its correction, concern notice, and retraction. Choose the record supporting your sentence and check the current AMA correction guidance.
Read guide →AMA Secondary Citations When You Have Not Read the Original
Trace a review to an original exercise study, check what changes after reading the paper, and handle an unavailable original without implying direct access.
Read guide →AMA Personal Communication Citations for Emails and Private Interviews
Use an illustrative email to separate the source statement, its attribution, and permission. Compare the usual in-text treatment with Academic Medicine’s numbered-reference exception.
Read guide →AMA Lecture Citation for Public Slides, Handouts, and Course Materials
Use a checked MIT teaching PDF to separate document credits from course listings, retain the right version, and point readers to a particular slide.
Read guide →AMA Podcast Citation for Episodes, Hosts, and Publication Dates
Follow a public medical podcast from its university page to its audio listing, and keep the host, guests, titles, and dates in the right fields.
Read guide →AMA Software Citation for Versions, Packages, and Methods Sections
Use archived R and ggplot2 releases to separate software versions, developer citation metadata, and the publications recommended for scholarly credit.
Read guide →AMA Dataset Citation with Repositories, Versions, and Persistent IDs
Follow a real Dryad dataset and its associated paper to check creator order, release dates, versions, and the DOI behind each reference.
Read guide →AMA Package Insert Citation for Drug Labels and Prescribing Information
Compare a real DailyMed label with the manufacturer’s prescribing information, then build a reference that preserves the document and revision you read.
Read guide →ClinicalTrials.gov AMA Citation with NCT Numbers and Record Dates
Follow a real ACTT registration to separate NCT identifiers, record dates, posted results, and linked journal publications.
Read guide →Cochrane AMA Citation with Review Numbers, Protocols, and Updates
Use real Cochrane records to check article numbers, protocol labels, and update dates before an imported reference reaches your paper.
Read guide →StatPearls AMA Citation with Chapter Authors and Update Dates
Build an AMA reference from a real StatPearls chapter, with a field comparison showing which author names and dates belong in the finished entry.
Read guide →AMA Annotated Bibliography with a Worked Example and Checklist
Work through an original annotation of an open research paper, with each sentence's purpose explained and a checklist for your course rubric.
Read guide →AMA Conference Citation for Abstracts, Posters, and Presentations
Choose the reference format for the material you actually read, with real examples of a journal abstract and an archived conference poster.
Read guide →AMA Preprint Citation for medRxiv, bioRxiv, and Published Versions
Keep the preprint label, check the revision you read, and compare its record with the journal publication before changing your reference.
Read guide →AMA Dissertation Citation and Thesis References
Use the repository record and PDF title page to identify the degree, university, and version you read before building your reference.
Read guide →AMA Magazine Citation for Print Issues and Online Articles
Compare a real TIME print issue with its online article record, then check dates, volume, issue, and pagination before finishing your reference.
Read guide →AMA Video Citation for YouTube and Recorded Webinars
Use real CDC recordings to separate the speaker from the uploader, check conflicting dates, and direct readers to the exact video passage you used.
Read guide →AMA Image Citation for Figures, Tables, and Source Credits
Connect a figure caption or table source note to its original source, with worked examples for a published figure, a standalone image, and a newly drawn chart.
Read guide →AMA Encyclopedia Citation for Signed and Online Entries
Identify an entry's author, its reference work, and the version you read. Compare a signed medical encyclopedia example with an unsigned NCI dictionary entry.
Read guide →AMA Newspaper Citation: Print and Online Examples
Match your reference to the newspaper version you read, with verified health news examples and a field comparison for print and online sources.
Read guide →AMA PDF Citation: How to Cite Reports and Articles
Find the publication behind a PDF, recover its bibliographic details, and build a reference that leads readers to the version you used.
Read guide →AMA UpToDate Citation: Authors, Dates, and Examples
An UpToDate topic has its own authors and revision history. Keep those details separate from its editors and the date you accessed it.
Read guide →AMA Book Citation Guide for Books and Chapters
A whole book and a separately authored chapter need different references. Start by identifying the version you used and the people responsible for it.
Read guide →AMA Website Citation Format and Examples
A useful AMA website citation identifies the exact page you used, who stands behind it, when you saw it, and where another reader can find it.
Read guide →AMA Citation Format: How to Cite a Journal Article in AMA Style
A journal reference becomes much easier to check when you treat it as a sequence of verified fields instead of one long punctuation puzzle.
Read guide →AMA In-Text Citation: Superscripts, Numbers, and Reference Order
AMA in-text citations are a numbering system. Once the first-use rule is clear, superscripts, repeated sources, and citation ranges become much easier to manage.
Read guide →FAQ
An AMA citation generator is an online tool that formats sources according to the American Medical Association Manual of Style. Instead of memorizing author rules, journal abbreviations, DOI syntax, and reference order, you enter source details and get a formatted AMA citation to review and copy.
AMA citation format is a referencing style used in medicine, nursing, pharmacy, public health, and related life sciences fields. It is commonly used for medical school papers, clinical research, journal manuscripts, systematic reviews, and other health sciences coursework.
AMA uses superscript numbers for in-text citations and lists references in the order they first appear. APA uses author-year citations and an alphabetical reference list. MLA uses author-page citations and an alphabetical Works Cited list.
AMA also relies on NLM journal abbreviations, so a journal such as New England Journal of Medicine is written as N Engl J Med.
Record the topic's authors, title, direct URL, and your actual access date. UpToDate's publisher recommends a chapter-style reference with Connor RF as editor and Wolters Kluwer as publisher. Apply the year and update-date convention required by your course or journal.
AMA Cite's Database Entry form can collect the topic details, but it has no editor or publication-year fields. Complete those parts after export when using the chapter-style format.
Record the author, article title, full newspaper name, and publication date. For print, include the section or page when available. For an online story, add the date you consulted it followed by the direct article URL, retaining pagination only when that version supplies it.
Choose Newspaper in AMA Cite and review the fields manually. The form has no separate edition field; add a verified edition label after copying or exporting when your assignment requires one.
Use Journal Article for the paper containing a figure, or Website for an independently published image record. Verify the creator, source details, and direct link, then add the reference number to your caption or table source note.
AMA Cite has no dedicated image form, image recognition, or permission service. Add source credits and any required license or permission wording yourself, following your course or journal's instructions.
For a standard web page, record the individual author or responsible organization, page title, website name, a displayed publication or update date when available, access date, and direct URL.
Use the matching source type for an online journal article, database, or government report instead of treating every item with a URL as a generic website.
Yes. The AMA citation generator is free to use, with no account, subscription, or credit card required.
Yes. Paste a DOI or PMID for journal articles, an ISBN for books, or an article title or URL when you do not know the DOI. The tool looks up available metadata and fills the matching form.
Auto-filled data is editable before you copy or add the citation to your list, so you can correct missing or unusual fields.
AMA references use doi: followed by the DOI string, such as doi:10.1056/NEJMsb020632. The final citation should not wrap the DOI in a https://doi.org/ URL.
This tool normalizes DOI input when formatting the citation.
AMA format lists up to 6 authors by name. If a source has 7 or more authors, list the first 3 authors followed by et al.
Author names use last name followed by initials, with no periods between initials and no comma between the last name and initials. For example, John A. Smith becomes Smith JA.
Yes. AMA style uses official NLM journal abbreviations for medical journal titles. For example, Journal of the American Medical Association becomes JAMA and British Medical Journal becomes BMJ.
This tool suggests NLM-style abbreviations when a match is available and flags unmatched journal names so you can verify them manually.
AMA in-text citations use superscript Arabic numerals placed near the cited statement. Sources are numbered in the order they first appear in the document.
Each superscript number corresponds to a numbered reference entry at the end of the paper. AMA reference lists are ordered by appearance, not alphabetically.